King and Rook vs King
Also known as: KRK, Rook mate, مات الرخ
Edge mate with opposition
The kings are in opposition and Black is on the edge; the rook delivers the back-rank mate.
Attacker
Lesson steps
Technique
Common mistake
Core idea
More instructive than the queen mate, and the most common ending. Cut the king off with the rook (the 'box'), drive it to an edge, bring your king into opposition, then mate with the rook on the edge. Opposition plus a rook waiting move create the zugzwang. Keep the rook safe — never put it next to the lone king undefended.
If you're attacking
Cut the king off with the rook one rank or file beyond it; before each move ask 'can I shrink the box safely?' — if yes move the rook, if no bring the king. Use a rook waiting move to pass the move, then mate on the edge.
Plans
- Cut the king off with the rook (build the box)
- Bring your king up to take opposition
- Shrink the box only when the rook stays safe
- Use a rook waiting move to pass the move
- Mate with the rook on the edge
Avoid
- Putting the rook next to the king where it can be captured
- Endless checks that let the king escape to the center
If you're defending
Stay central; attack the rook if it comes too close and is undefended; make the attacker find the precise waiting move; aim for the 50-move rule.
Plans
- Keep the king central
- Pounce on an undefended rook that comes too close
- Refuse to walk to the edge
Avoid
- Stepping to the edge too early